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Full scope upgrade project for the Fermi 2 simulator.

The project included the complete replacement of the existing simulation model sofware with ABB's high fidelity BWR models, addition of an advanced instructor station facility and new simulation computers. Modeling requirements for full-scope reactor simulators of fission-product transport during severe accidents. This paper describes in the needs and requirements to properly and efficiently model fission product transport on full scope reactor simulators.

Current LWR simulators can be easily adapted to model severe accident phenomena and the transport of radionuclides. Once adapted these simulators can be used as a training tool during operator training exercises for training on severe accident guidelines, for training on containment venting procedures, or as training tool during site wide emergency training exercises.

Mochovce NPP experience in the certification and the use of full scope simulator. The paper presents some of the Mochovce NPP experience in the full-scope simulator certification process, simulator training programs development, implementation and evaluation, the use of simulator in the all-plant emergency exercises as well as the experience in validation of plant operational procedures. Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana Slovenia. The results of these calculations were used for verification of reactor coolant system thermal-hydraulic response predicted by Krsko Full Scope Simulator.

In the presented paper the most severe ATWS scenarios have been analyzed, starting with the loss of Main Feedwater at both steam generators. Thus, gradual loss of secondary heat sink occurred. On top of that, control rods were not supposed to scram, leaving the chain reaction to be controlled only by inherent physical properties of the fuel and moderator and eventual actions of the BOP system.

Development of a full scope reactor engineering simulator.

Co-authors

An engineering laboratory is pursuing the development of an engineering simulator for use by several agencies of the U. According to the authors, this simulator will provide the highest fidelity simulation with initial objectives for studying augmented nuclear reactor operator training , and later for advanced concepts testing as applicable to control room accident diagnosis and management.

Crawford, W. Fuelling machines, one on either side of the reactor face move on a bridge and carriage system to the appointed channel and fuel under computer control. The fuelling machine is an immensely complicated mechanical device. None of the original Canadian full scope simulators incorporated the interaction of the fuel handling system. Traditionally, the final stages of Fuel Handling Operator qualification utilizes on the job training in a production environment carried out in the station main control room.

The TQNPC Fuel Handling simulator is capable of supporting all normal on-power and off-power refuelling procedures as well as other abnormal operating conditions, which will allow training to be conducted, based on the plant specific operating procedures. This paper will discuss its development, the importance of this tool and its advantages over past training practices. For Shin-Kori 3,4 nuclear power plant, so called stimulation approach has been adopted for developing control room MMIs and control logic of the full scope simulator.

In stimulation approach, the actual plant i. SKN 3,4 software and configuration data are used for implementing the simulator. The modeling of the MMI using the emulation method is very difficult and often infeasible for highly complex MMI software not only because the development cost is prohibitively high but also achieving the faithful modeling of the look and feel of the reference MMI software, particularly the timing requirements associated with the interactions between operators and system is extremely difficult.

However, there are challenges in this stimulation approach. It is difficult or sometimes impossible to add functions for simulation purposes such as simulator control i. These days, DCS MMI software is highly likely to contain commercial software that is a black-box for simulator developer because the supplier of the plant MMI software does not open the source codes and its associated technology to protect their business interests. The instructor station has been designed to increase training effectiveness and provide the most flexible environment possible to enhance its usefulness.

An advanced configuration management system for full scope power plant simulators. For both projects a computer based Configuration Management System CMS was required to overcome deficiencies of older simulator systems in terms of limited upgrade and maintenance capabilities and incomplete documentation.

The CMS allows complete control over the entire simulator system covering all software- and hardware-items and therewith exceed quality assurance requirements as defined in ISO which gives recommendations for software configuration management only. The system is realized under the project using the UNIX based relational database system EMPRESS and is in use as a development- and maintenance-tool to improve simulator quality and ensure simulator configuration integrity. A full scope nuclear power plant simulator for multiple reactor types with virtual control panels.

This paper summarizes a full scope nuclear power plant simulator for multiple reactor types with virtual control panels which Toshiba developed and delivered. After the Fukushima DAIICHI nuclear power plants accident, it is required that all the people who are engaged in the design, manufacturing, operation, maintenance, management and regulation for the nuclear power plant should learn the wide and deep knowledge about the nuclear power plant design including the severe accident.

For this purpose, the training with a full scope simulator is one of the most suitable ways. However the existing full scope simulators which are consist of the control panels replica of the referenced plants are costly and they are hard to remodel to fit to the real plant of the latest condition. That's why Toshiba developed and delivered the new concept simulator system which covers multiple referenced plants even though they have different design like BWR and PWR.

The control panels of the simulator are made by combining 69 large Liquid Crystal Display LCD panels with touch screen instead of a control panel replica of referenced plant. The screen size of the each panel is 42 inches and 3 displays are arranged in tandem for one unit and 23 units are connected together. Each panel displays switches, indicators, recorders and lamps with the Computer Graphics CG and trainees operate them with touch operations. A multi-node containment thermal-hydraulic model has been developed and adapted in Full Scope Simulator for Qinshan MW Nuclear Power Unit with good realtime simulation effects.

Introduction

NA-SA is a public company owner of the Argentinean nuclear power plants. Atucha II is due to enter in operation shortly. Atucha II will produce MWe utilizing heavy water as coolant and moderator, and natural uranium as fuel. A plant singular feature is the permanent core refueling. TRAC R T is based on first principle conservation equations for mass, energy and momentum for liquid and steam phases, with two phase flows under non homogeneous and non equilibrium conditions.

At present, it has been successfully implemented in twelve full scope replica simulators in different training centers throughout the world. To ease the modeling task, TRAC R T includes a graphical pre-processing tool designed to optimize this process and alleviate the burden of entering alpha numerical data in an input file.

Evaluating operator performance on full-scope simulators : A pragmatic approach to an intractable measurement problem. Industry trends toward full-scope , plant-referenced control room simulators have accelerated. The cost of such training is high, but the cost of training ineffectiveness is even higher if it permits serious errors or operator disqualification to occur.

Effective measures of operator performance are needed, but the complexity of the task environment and the many aspects of and requirements for operator performance conspire to make such measurement a challenging problem.

The following concepts were pursued as design goals for the method: 1. A survey of existing evaluation tools and techniques was made to determine the strengths and weaknesses of each.

Based on those findings, a multimethod approach was developed drawing on the combined strengths of several general methods. The paper discusses procedural milestones, comments as subjective ratings, failure criteria, and tracked plant parameters.

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The simulations were carried out so that the results could be used for the verification of the Krsko Full Scope Simulator. The key points in development and engineering project management of full scope simulator for Qinshan MW Nuclear Power Unit are briefly introduced. The Gantt chart, some project management methods and experience are presented. The key points analysis along with the project procedure will be useful to the similar project. Unsafe acts can occur at any time in safety-critical systems and the operators often manage the systems by discovering their errors and eliminating or mitigating them.

To model the recovery processes or recovery strategies, there were several researches that categorize the recovery behaviors.

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Because the recent human error trends are required to be considered during a human reliability analysis, Jang et al. However, since the empirical results regarding soft controls were produced from a controlled laboratory environment with student participants, it is necessary to analyze a wide range of operator behaviors using full-scope simulators. This paper presents the statistics related with human error recovery behaviors obtained from the full-scope simulations that in-site operators participated in.

In this study, the recovery effects by shift changes or technical support centers were not considered owing to a lack of simulation data. In the presented paper the most severe ATWS scenario has been analyzed, starting with the loss of Main Feedwater at both steam generators. In the year , Trillo NPP Spanish PWR-KWU design nuclear power plant and Tecnatom came to the agreement of developing a Trillo plant specific simulator , having as scope all the plant systems operated either from the main control room or from the emergency panels.

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The simulator operation should be carried out both through a control room replica and graphical user interface, this latter based on plant schematics and softpanels concept. Trillo simulator is to be primarily utilized as a pedagogical tool for the Trillo operational staff training. Because the engineering grade of the mathematical models, it will also have additional uses, such as: - Operation engineering POE's validation, New Computerized Operator Support Systems Validation, etc. This project has become the largest simulation task Tecnatom has ever undertaken, being structured in three different subprojects, namely: - Simulator manufacture, Simulator acceptance and Training material production.

Leningrad NPP full scope and analytical simulators as tools for MMI improvement and operator support systems development and testing. Possibilities of development, adjusting and testing of any new or up-graded Operators' Support System before its installation at the reference unit's Control Room are described in the paper.

These Simulators ensure the modeling of a wide range of accidents and transients and provide with special software and ETHERNET data process communications with the Operators' Support systems' prototypes. The development and adjustment of two state-of-the-art Operators' Support Systems of interest with using of Simulators are described in the paper as an example.